Legal Descriptions
Understanding Legal Descriptions for Deeds of Land
A legal description is a precise and detailed way to define a specific parcel of land in legal documents, such as a deed. It provides the exact boundaries and location of the property, ensuring that there is no ambiguity about what is being conveyed. This description is critical for property ownership and transactions, as it is used in legal proceedings and for tax assessments.
Key Components of a Legal Description:
1. Metes and Bounds: This method uses physical features of the land (like trees, rivers, or roads) and measurements to outline the property. It starts at a defined point (the "point of beginning") and describes the boundaries in terms of distances and angles.
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2. Lot and Block: Common in subdivided properties, this system refers to specific lots within a recorded subdivision plat. It includes the name of the subdivision, the lot number, and the block number.
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3. Rectangular Survey System: Used primarily in the western United States, this method divides land into a grid using principal meridians and base lines. It describes land by referencing township and range.​
Importance of a Legal Description
Clarity:
A well-written legal description provides clear boundaries, reducing the likelihood of disputes over property lines.
Legality:
It ensures that the deed is enforceable and correctly reflects the intent of the parties involved in the transaction.
Tax Assessment:
Local governments use legal descriptions to assess property taxes and manage land records accurately.
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